1654: Salt springs are discovered on the shores of the lake
1793: Commercial salt production begins
1880: Onondaga Lake is a popular resort area (hotels, parks, beaches, etc)
1884: The Solvay Process Company begins production of soda ash
1918: The Solvay Process Company begins production of organic chemicals
1940: Swimming is banned
1946: Mercury wastes are directly discharged into lake
1973: New York State bans phosphorus in laundry detergents
1986: Allied closes soda ash manufacturing operations
1989: Attorney General files a complaint against Allied-Signal Corp. for pollution violations
1994: Aquatic restoration projects begin
2000: Onondaga Lake partnership created to promote awareness of environmental issues
(http://www.onlakepartners.org/p12011.html)
Wednesday, December 5, 2007
Sunday, December 2, 2007
1884: The Solvay Process Company (later to become Allied-Signal Corp.) begins production of soda ash.
1918: The Solvay Process Company begins production of organic chemicals.
1940: Swimming is banned.
1946: Allied begins chlorine production and discharges mercury into the lake.
1960: Construction of the Onondaga County Metropolitan Wastewater Treatment Plant (Metro) is completed. 1970: Fishing is banned. Due to the discovery of mercury in the lake's fishery, the US Attorney General sues Allied-Signal to stop mercury dumping. The amount of mercury discharged to the lake is calculated to be 22 lb/day.
1977: Allied closes chlorinated benzene plant and Willis Avenue chlor-alkali plant. 1979: Metro is upgraded to secondary and tertiary treatment. 1986: Allied closes soda ash manufacturing operations.
Calcium carbonate
Mercury
Clay
Silt
Phosphorus
Ammonia
Nitrite
Pathogenic bacteria and viruses
PCBs
chlorinated benzenes
chloride, sodium, and calcium (salts)
Phosphorus leads to algae growth which impacts the lake's water clarity and when the algae die, oxygen is consumed which leads to depletion of oxygen in the lake.
The Allied chlor-alkali facility discharged an estimated 165,000 pounds of mercury to Onondaga Lake from 1946 until 1970. Scientists estimate that 7 million cubic yards of the lake sediments remain contaminated.
Methyl mercury, formed in aquatic systems through the activity of certain bacteria, is among the most poisonous chemicals known. If all the mercury in the average fever thermometer were converted to methyl mercury, it would be enough to render more than 10,000 one pound largemouth bass unfit for human consumption.
1918: The Solvay Process Company begins production of organic chemicals.
1940: Swimming is banned.
1946: Allied begins chlorine production and discharges mercury into the lake.
1960: Construction of the Onondaga County Metropolitan Wastewater Treatment Plant (Metro) is completed. 1970: Fishing is banned. Due to the discovery of mercury in the lake's fishery, the US Attorney General sues Allied-Signal to stop mercury dumping. The amount of mercury discharged to the lake is calculated to be 22 lb/day.
1977: Allied closes chlorinated benzene plant and Willis Avenue chlor-alkali plant. 1979: Metro is upgraded to secondary and tertiary treatment. 1986: Allied closes soda ash manufacturing operations.
Calcium carbonate
Mercury
Clay
Silt
Phosphorus
Ammonia
Nitrite
Pathogenic bacteria and viruses
PCBs
chlorinated benzenes
chloride, sodium, and calcium (salts)
Phosphorus leads to algae growth which impacts the lake's water clarity and when the algae die, oxygen is consumed which leads to depletion of oxygen in the lake.
The Allied chlor-alkali facility discharged an estimated 165,000 pounds of mercury to Onondaga Lake from 1946 until 1970. Scientists estimate that 7 million cubic yards of the lake sediments remain contaminated.
Methyl mercury, formed in aquatic systems through the activity of certain bacteria, is among the most poisonous chemicals known. If all the mercury in the average fever thermometer were converted to methyl mercury, it would be enough to render more than 10,000 one pound largemouth bass unfit for human consumption.
To do:
Sunday: Search for information for label - everyone
Make label - Blair
Monday: Buy water bottles and poster board - Blair
Buy water bottles - Pierson
Make water bottles - everyone
Wednesday: Bring camera: Blair, Pierson
Do project: everyone
Introduction: Alyssa
Before we talk about our project, I want to quickly go over some of the history of Onondaga Lake:... Now that we’re all on the same page, we’ll talk a little about our proposed project.
Project: Pierson
We don’t think enough has been done to clean up Onondaga Lake, so we are planning to perform, after class today, a piece of public art. We bought these bottles of water and changed the labels so that they say Onondaga Lake Water. Additionally, we created a Nutrition chart on the back listing some of the toxins in Onondaga Lake, which include:…
Outcome: Blair
As we pass these out, we plan to give the subjects some startling facts about the toxins in Onondaga Lake, like:… We plan to document their reactions. We’re not expecting a certain reaction, but instead we’re kind of carrying out an experiment to see what happens and how people react, kind oh like the Panhandling for Reparations or the Couple in the Cage. That’s about it, and you guys can stop on by if you want to check out what we’re doing. We’re going to be on the quad or in the general area.
Sunday: Search for information for label - everyone
Make label - Blair
Monday: Buy water bottles and poster board - Blair
Buy water bottles - Pierson
Make water bottles - everyone
Wednesday: Bring camera: Blair, Pierson
Do project: everyone
Introduction: Alyssa
Before we talk about our project, I want to quickly go over some of the history of Onondaga Lake:... Now that we’re all on the same page, we’ll talk a little about our proposed project.
Project: Pierson
We don’t think enough has been done to clean up Onondaga Lake, so we are planning to perform, after class today, a piece of public art. We bought these bottles of water and changed the labels so that they say Onondaga Lake Water. Additionally, we created a Nutrition chart on the back listing some of the toxins in Onondaga Lake, which include:…
Outcome: Blair
As we pass these out, we plan to give the subjects some startling facts about the toxins in Onondaga Lake, like:… We plan to document their reactions. We’re not expecting a certain reaction, but instead we’re kind of carrying out an experiment to see what happens and how people react, kind oh like the Panhandling for Reparations or the Couple in the Cage. That’s about it, and you guys can stop on by if you want to check out what we’re doing. We’re going to be on the quad or in the general area.
Friday, November 30, 2007
Onondaga Lake Contamination: Questions
1. Our project aims to spread awareness about Onondaga Lake pollution. We are planning on handing out water bottles with self-made labels that list the major contaminants in the lake.
2. Our project will take the form of public awareness as we will attempt to handout the bottles ourselves. We will be interested in how the public will react to our project.
3. We want to work with Onondaga Lake because the pollution has been a problem for so many years and although many have made efforts to improve its condition, bringing more awareness to the issue can only help. We hope that this project will inspire others to support the cause and restore the lake’s beauty.
4. Onondaga Lake was once a popular tourist attraction but since many nearby companies began disposing of waste into the site, the water quickly became contaminated. Since nothing was done to eliminate the waste immediately, the pollution only accumulated. Now, Onondaga Lake cannot be used for recreational purposes because it is too contaminated.
5. This site is appropriate for the project because we wish to spread awareness about the lake and about pollution in general. Onondaga Lake is a perfect example of this.
6. This project is more of an intervention because we hope to directly involve the public and use shock as part of successfully acquiring awareness.
7. We might have to get permission to handout water bottles around campus or in other areas but we aren’t directly using the Onondaga Lake site so we won’t need permission for that.
8. We will use Armory Square because it is densly populated and hopefully, many people will see our message.
9. Damilia Ayo’s project inspired ours because she used the public to create shock. Also, she actually conducted her experiment. On the other hand, we don’t want to confuse our audience and thus, our message will be clear and direct.
10. Our goal is to bring awareness to the Onondaga Lake area by showing people the amounts of contaminants in the water. By doing this, hopefully we will be improving the condition of the lake in the long run.
11. The number or water bottles given out.
12. Our target audience is primarily residents of Syracuse because they will be more likely to care about the future of the lake. Since they live in this area, they will probably be more willing to support the pollution cleanup. But we will also try to target others who are willing to help or listen to our message. Maybe we can encourage people all over the world to stop polluting the environment.
13. We hope that people will take our water bottles and read the labels to ultimately understand our message. We hope that they will interact with the cleanup of Onondaga Lake.
2. Our project will take the form of public awareness as we will attempt to handout the bottles ourselves. We will be interested in how the public will react to our project.
3. We want to work with Onondaga Lake because the pollution has been a problem for so many years and although many have made efforts to improve its condition, bringing more awareness to the issue can only help. We hope that this project will inspire others to support the cause and restore the lake’s beauty.
4. Onondaga Lake was once a popular tourist attraction but since many nearby companies began disposing of waste into the site, the water quickly became contaminated. Since nothing was done to eliminate the waste immediately, the pollution only accumulated. Now, Onondaga Lake cannot be used for recreational purposes because it is too contaminated.
5. This site is appropriate for the project because we wish to spread awareness about the lake and about pollution in general. Onondaga Lake is a perfect example of this.
6. This project is more of an intervention because we hope to directly involve the public and use shock as part of successfully acquiring awareness.
7. We might have to get permission to handout water bottles around campus or in other areas but we aren’t directly using the Onondaga Lake site so we won’t need permission for that.
8. We will use Armory Square because it is densly populated and hopefully, many people will see our message.
9. Damilia Ayo’s project inspired ours because she used the public to create shock. Also, she actually conducted her experiment. On the other hand, we don’t want to confuse our audience and thus, our message will be clear and direct.
10. Our goal is to bring awareness to the Onondaga Lake area by showing people the amounts of contaminants in the water. By doing this, hopefully we will be improving the condition of the lake in the long run.
11. The number or water bottles given out.
12. Our target audience is primarily residents of Syracuse because they will be more likely to care about the future of the lake. Since they live in this area, they will probably be more willing to support the pollution cleanup. But we will also try to target others who are willing to help or listen to our message. Maybe we can encourage people all over the world to stop polluting the environment.
13. We hope that people will take our water bottles and read the labels to ultimately understand our message. We hope that they will interact with the cleanup of Onondaga Lake.
Tuesday, November 27, 2007
Group Project: Onondaga Lake
Chemicals in Onondaga Lake
Contaminant Names/Discharge in pounds per year:
Manganese - 128
Nickel - 251
Chromium - 194
Cobalt - 74
Ammonia - 2,562
Lead - 11
75,000 kg of mercury in lake over 1946-1970 interval
phosphorus 60%
nitrogen 90%
(http://upstatefreshwater.org/html/onondaga_lake.html)
Friday, November 2, 2007
"Funk Lessons"
Thesis: Although some may question Piper's technique,he was certainly successful in enlightening and creating dialogue between races through the use of funk music.
Piper's use of funk lessons enabled individuals to confront racial issues and accept cultural differences.
Topic Sentences:
Between the years of 1982 and 1984, Adrian Piper experimented with dialogic art by teaching white participants about black funk music.
By using this form of medium, Piper was able to discretely and gradually introduce racial topics of discussion.
Instead of lecturing to white participants, the funk lessions encouraged discussion and individual appreciation of the music cultural.
Although Piper had good intentions, the funk lessions embarrassed and offended middle class and college-educated blacks.
Today, the same experiement might not conjure up the same response as hip hop music is a more acceptable part of white culture.
Piper's funk lessons sought to discretly introduce whites to the black culture, therefore, resulting in more positive results.
Piper's use of funk lessons enabled individuals to confront racial issues and accept cultural differences.
Topic Sentences:
Between the years of 1982 and 1984, Adrian Piper experimented with dialogic art by teaching white participants about black funk music.
By using this form of medium, Piper was able to discretely and gradually introduce racial topics of discussion.
Instead of lecturing to white participants, the funk lessions encouraged discussion and individual appreciation of the music cultural.
Although Piper had good intentions, the funk lessions embarrassed and offended middle class and college-educated blacks.
Today, the same experiement might not conjure up the same response as hip hop music is a more acceptable part of white culture.
Piper's funk lessons sought to discretly introduce whites to the black culture, therefore, resulting in more positive results.
Wednesday, October 31, 2007
Essay 3
Topic: Adrian Piper's "Notes on Funk"
Questions: How did lessons in funk promote black acceptance among white people?
Were many people aware of the author's initial intent when taking these lessons in funk? Are people more likely to discuss the issue of racial acceptance if the intent is subliminal (funk lessons were used to promomote discussion)?
Sources: Participation by Claire Bishop
Adrian Piper Art Forum http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0268/is_2_41/ai_93213721
Adrian Piper: A Canvas of Concerns http://www.asu.edu/cfa/wwwcourses/art/SOACore/piper-art-review.html
Adrian Piper: A Retrospective http://www.absolutearts.com/artsnews/2000/10/27/27632.html
Questions: How did lessons in funk promote black acceptance among white people?
Were many people aware of the author's initial intent when taking these lessons in funk? Are people more likely to discuss the issue of racial acceptance if the intent is subliminal (funk lessons were used to promomote discussion)?
Sources: Participation by Claire Bishop
Adrian Piper Art Forum http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0268/is_2_41/ai_93213721
Adrian Piper: A Canvas of Concerns http://www.asu.edu/cfa/wwwcourses/art/SOACore/piper-art-review.html
Adrian Piper: A Retrospective http://www.absolutearts.com/artsnews/2000/10/27/27632.html
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